Article 22 – The Judicial Power

The Judiciary

Article 22 – The Judicial Power

Section 1

The judicial Power of the Federation, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, the High Courts of Appeal and in such inferior Courts as Parliament may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behavior, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.

Section 2 Jurisdiction

The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the Federation, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under its Authority;—to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;—to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;—to Controversies to which the Federation shall be a Party;—to Controversies between two or more Realms;—between a Realm and Citizens of another Realm; —between Citizens of different Realms, —and between a Realms, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.

Section 3 Criminal Process

No Felony prosecution shall proceed except by grand jury indictment, except in cases of impeachment. The trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the Realm and Vicinage where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any Realm, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Parliament may by Law have directed.

Section 4 Extradition

A Person charged in any Realm with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another Realm, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the Realm from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the Realm having Jurisdiction of the Crime.